Earth Horizon Curvature & Sightline Simulator

Cross-Sectional Optics & Curvature Ray-Tracing

Spherical Earth

Flat Model

Zoom Level: 5x

Geometric Horizon Distance: 112.9 km

Refracted Horizon (k=0.14): 121.7 km

Hidden Target Height: 3.4 m

Horizon Dip Angle (below eye-level): 1.01°

Physical proof: Hull-first physical occlusion confirmed. Zoom increases target scale but cannot unhide water-blocked geometry.

Quick Environmental Presets

Observer Altitude (h) 1000 m

Target Distance (d) 120 km

Target Height (H) 150 m

Atmospheric Refraction (k) 0.14 (Standard)