Planetary Presets
M-R Benchmark
Physical Properties
Direct Input
Planetary Mass ($M_p$)
23.00 M_⊕
Planetary Radius ($R_p$)
2.50 R_⊕
Core Radius Fraction (CRF)
0.33
Volatile / H-He Envelope Fraction
1.0 %
Computed Bulk Physics
Derived
Bulk Density ($\rho$)
8.11
g/cm³ (1.47 $\rho_\oplus$)
Surface Gravity ($g$)
3.68
g_⊕ (36.09 m/s²)
Escape Velocity ($v_{\text{esc}}$)
33.9
km/s (3.03 $v_{\oplus}$)
Core-Mantle Pressure
1,420
GPa (Ultra-high P)
Mass–Radius Equation of State (EOS)
Zapolsky-Salpeter / Seager et al.
100% Fe Core
Earth-like (32.5% Fe/Silicate)
100% Water / Ice VII
+2% H/He Envelope
Selected Target
Interior Cross-Section Cutaway
Radial Shell Model
● Solid/Liquid Fe Core: 33%
● High-P Silicate Mantle: 66%
● Residual H/He Atmo: 1%
● Transit Chord Depth: 2.50 R_⊕
Atmospheric Stripping & Photoevaporation History
With a massive gravitational well ($v_{\text{esc}} = 33.9\text{ km/s}$) and high bulk density ($8.11\text{ g/cm}^3$), GJ 523b resides in the rare "Mega-Earth" desert. Hydrodynamic XUV photoevaporation and core-powered mass loss stripped its primordial gas envelope, leaving an ultra-compressed rocky core.
Stripped Primordial Envelope
Astrophysical Significance & Counterfactual Test
If GJ 523b had retained even a 5% H/He envelope by mass, degenerate gas physics would expand its observed radius to ~3.8 R_⊕, categorizing it as a temperate Sub-Neptune rather than a bare terrestrial Mega-Earth.
Empirical Benchmark: Kepler-10c / TOI-849b comparison set.