Under Section 315(b) of the Communications Act, broadcast stations are legally obligated to charge certified candidate campaign committees the Lowest Unit Charge (LUC / LUR) during the 45-day primary and 60-day general election windows. Independent expenditure committees (Super PACs) and dark-money groups must pay the prevailing market rate, often 3x to 5x higher. The Supreme Court's emergency order extends discounted party-coordinated rate tiers to national party committees, creating massive structural airwave advantages.
1. Lowest Unit Rate (LUR) Eligibility
Station rate cards must provide national and congressional party committees the same volume discount given to high-volume commercial advertisers without requiring minimum volume commitments.
2. Non-Preemptible Airtime Rights
Discounted candidate and party committee spots receive statutory protection against station preemptions, bumping local commercial businesses and Super PACs from top evening news slots.
3. Battleground DMA Distortions
In high-density media markets (Phoenix, Atlanta, Philadelphia), party dollars purchase triple the ad frequency, driving total gross rating points (GRPs) past saturation thresholds weeks before voting.