Incident Configuration
DELHI POLICE JURISDICTION
Sec. 163 BNSS (144 CrPC) Enforced
Perimeter Barricade Breach
March Toward Parliament Attempted
Physical Scuffle Reported
Assault on On-Duty Police Personnel
Assault on Demonstrator / Relative
Demonstrator Complaint Lodged
State FIR Lodged Against Demonstrators
Blanket Immunity Claimed by Protesters
Cognizable/State Offense
Constitutional Right
Mandatory FIR Route
Judicial Remedy
Statutory Benchmarks
SELECTED NODE
Lalita Kumari Mandate
Section 173 BNSS / 154 CrPCRegistration of FIR is mandatory under Section 154 CrPC (Sec. 173 BNSS) if information discloses commission of a cognizable offense.
"Police officer cannot avoid his duty of registering offence if cognizable offence is disclosed." — Lalita Kumari v. Govt. of U.P. (2014) 2 SCC 1
Obligation: Station House Officer must record substance in General Diary and issue zero FIR / regular FIR without preliminary inquiry on violence allegations.
Comparative Legal Matrix
| Legal Domain | State / Police Authority | Protester Rights & Safeguards |
|---|---|---|
| Assembly Scope | Regulate perimeter under Sec. 163 BNSS (144 CrPC); designate sensitive zones. | Fundamental right under Art. 19(1)(b) to assemble peacefully without arms (MKSS v. UOI). |
| Immunity Claim | Zero blanket immunity under Indian criminal jurisprudence; all offenses actionable. | Cannot claim organizational immunity; arbitrary or vindictive arrests challengeable. |
| Physical Violence | Offenses under Sec. 121/132 BNS (332/353 IPC) for deterring public servants. | Offenses under Sec. 115/118 BNS (323/324 IPC) for physical hurt by any party; mandatory cross-FIR. |
| Non-Registration Remedy | Preliminary inquiry permissible only in commercial/matrimonial/medical matters. | Sec. 175(3) BNSS [156(3) CrPC] before Magistrate; Sec. 528 BNSS [482 CrPC] before High Court. |