“Companies are like crude oil tankers or aircraft carriers. They cannot turn on a dime and go another direction quickly. When a stock gets beaten up, wait for sideways consolidation.”
Security Fundamentals
Graham Model
$
$
Normalized trailing 12M net income
%
7-10 yr expected CAGR
$
Total assets minus liabilities
%
Graham benchmark Y (ref: 4.4%)
Benjamin Graham Intrinsic Value Equation:
V = EPS × (8.5 + 2g) × (4.4 / Y)
Calibrated with Graham's security analysis asset buffer against current AAA yield regime.
ACME
Intrinsic Value Audit
Attractive Value Buy (Meets 25% Margin of Safety)
Calculated Intrinsic Value
$78.50
Graham conservative fair value
Target Buy Price
$58.88
Includes 25% safety margin
Actual Margin of Safety
29.94%
$23.50 below fair value
Safety Buffer Gauge vs Required Discount
Adequate Buffer (+4.94% surplus)
0% (Par Price)
25% Target
50%+ Deep Value
Graham Quality Score
86 / 100
Quora Value Aligned
Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E < 15.0)
12.2x Pass
Price-to-Book Ratio (P/B < 2.0)
1.72x Pass
Graham Number Check (√22.5 × EPS × BVPS)
$56.92 Safe
Earnings Stability & Yield Cushion
Solid Buffer
Quora Value Investing Wisdom & Mental Models
Practitioner Insights
18-Month Rule
Application: Do not rush to buy immediately after bad news. Allow operational fixes to materialize before committing capital.
Anti-Noise
“I never trade intraday. Intraday is not the proper way to make profit constantly. In simple terms, value investing looks for arbitrage where intrinsic value is higher than market price.”
Application: Ignore daily ticker flicker. High turnover amplifies transaction costs and emotional errors.
Buffett & Graham
“You only buy when the price sits well below your estimate of intrinsic value, so you are protected if your analysis is off or the market stays irrational longer than expected.”
Application: Insist on a minimum 20% to 30% discount to protect against unforeseen business disruption.
Exportable Investment Thesis & Audit Log
This formatted valuation dossier records your exact parameters, Graham intrinsic valuation math, margin of safety thresholds, and Quora discipline criteria for record-keeping.