| District | Total Pop | Pop Deviation | GOP Vote % | DEM Vote % | Projected Winner | Compactness | Counties |
|---|
Redistricting Standards & Judicial Scrutiny Framework
The Efficiency Gap (Partisan Gerrymandering)
Pioneered by Nicholas Stephanopoulos and Eric McGhee, the Efficiency Gap calculates the net difference in wasted votes (votes cast for a losing candidate plus surplus votes cast for a winning candidate) divided by total votes cast. An efficiency gap exceeding ±7% historically indicates an unconstitutional partisan entrenchment that survives multiple electoral tides.
Polsby-Popper Compactness Ratio
Defined mathematically as 4π × Area / (Perimeter)², measuring how closely a district resembles a perfect circle (1.0). Irregular tentacles, serpentine corridors, and bizarre contortions produce low ratios (below 0.20), serving as prime judicial red flags for improper motive under state constitutional compactness guarantees.
Equipopulation & One Person, One Vote
Under Article I, Section 2 and Wesberry v. Sanders, congressional districts within a state must strive for near-mathematical population equality. Deviation above 1-2% without compelling justification (such as respecting municipal or county boundaries) invites immediate judicial striking.
County Splitting & Communities of Interest
Dividing municipal cores or intact rural counties among multiple districts to dilute political cohesion ("cracking") or confining entire opposing demographics into a single isolated stronghold ("packing") violates traditional redistricting principles enforceable under state high court jurisdiction.