NBER Working Paper 30691 Empirical Model

Small Business Regulatory Burden & Compliance Cost Calculator

Firm Profile & Operational Scale

Tune firm headcount, wages, and sector to model Trebbi & Zhang (NBER 2023) task-level compliance.

14 employees
NBER shows inverted U-shape peaking around 500 workers before economies of scale take over.
$24/hr
Baseline benchmark: 2,080 annual labor hours per employee.
$850,000
Source: O*NET regulation-relatedness task mapping across 400,000 OEWS establishments.
Local Jurisdiction & Regulatory Friction

Model state and municipal compliance layers (licensing, inspections, reporting intervals).

3 jurisdictions
US firms must navigate over 10,000 fragmented municipal and state tax jurisdictions.
Operational Counterfactuals & Mandatory Audits
Empirical Compliance Cost & Burden Metrics Live Model Evaluation

Real-time quantification of wage bills diverted directly into non-revenue compliance tasks.

Annual Compliance Cost
$69,888
8.2% of annual gross revenue
Compliance Labor Share
2.4%
of total firm labor wage bill
Compliance Wage Hours
1,456 hrs
~104 hrs / employee / yr
Annual Gross Wage Bill
$698,880
Total baseline payroll (14 FTE)
High (Middle-Sized Fixed Cost Asymmetry) Heavy Burden
Fixed local fees and multi-jurisdiction reporting represent a disproportionate overhead for 14 employees. Big-box competitors absorb these identical regulatory mandates at less than 0.3% of revenue.
Opportunity Cost: Where Diverted Hours & Capital Could Go ~0.70 Full-Time Roles Equivalent
Regulatory Paperwork & Audits 100% of burden ($69,888)
Equivalent Growth Capital: New Equipment & Facility Upgrades $69,888 / yr
Equivalent Growth Capital: Marketing & Customer Acquisition $69,888 / yr
NBER Inverted U-Shape Compliance Curve (Firm Size Distribution) Current: 14 FTE
Trebbi & Zhang found compliance cost intensity rises until ~500 employees, placing peak middle-size friction before corporate enterprise scale efficiencies kick in.
4.5% 2.5% 0.5% 1 100 500 (Peak Friction) 600+
Standard format: JSON & TXT audit report capturing compliance metrics & policy trade-offs.
Grounded Academic Source: Trebbi, F. & Zhang, M. B. (2023). The Cost of Regulatory Compliance in the United States. NBER Working Paper No. 30691. Analysis based on 19,636 O*NET tasks across 400,000 Bureau of Labor Statistics surveyed establishments.
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