US National Debt Maturity & Refinancing Simulator

Annual Maturing Debt (Volume)
$7.81T
Roll-over face value due over the next 12 months

Annual Federal Interest Expense

$1.51T

Projected net interest outlay on current debt

Deficit Expansion Shock

+$340.0B

Additional annual deficit versus 2021 low-rate baseline

Effective Borrowing Cost

4.52%

Blended portfolio interest rate after roll-over

Issuance & Fiscal Presets 1-Click Scenarios

Treasury Parameter Levers

Total National Debt $35.5T

$30.0T $45.0T

Annual Maturing Share 22.0%

10% (Long T-Bonds) 35% (Heavy T-Bills)

New Issuance Average Yield 4.25%

1.50% (ZIRP era) 7.00% (Inflation spike)

Short vs Long Term Spread 0.27%

Inverted (-0.75%) Steep (+1.50%)

10-Year Maturity Wall & Refinancing Schedule D3 Interactive Wall

Maturing & Subject to New Rate Refinancing

Locked Historical Fixed Rates

Treasury Yield Trajectory

Macroeconomic Ledger & Refinancing Trajectory Active: Higher-For-Longer

Simulation Metric	Economic Meaning	Modeled Value
Refinancing Volume (12-Mo)	Maturing T-Bills, Notes & Bonds needing rollover	7.81
Annual Interest Expense	Combined annual interest service outlays (Trillions)	1.51
Deficit Expansion	Net expansion in federal deficit driven purely by higher rates (Billions)	340.0
Effective Borrowing Cost	Weighted portfolio average interest yield across all US debt	4.52
Historical Rolled-Off Rate	Prior average coupon on debt currently rolling into market	2.15%