Operational Parameters
Representative Model
Annual Driving Distance
12,000 mi/yr
Electricity Cost
$0.16 / kWh
Gasoline Price (Regular/Premium Mix)
$3.65 / gal
EX40 Usable Battery Pack
78 kWh
Federal Clean Vehicle Credit ($7,500)
Regional Grid & Fuel Baseline
Volvo Portfolio Pivot:
Engadget reports Volvo is sunsetting the US all-electric EX40 (formerly XC40 Recharge) while refreshing the 2028 XC40 mild-hybrid line with revamped Google Built-in infotainment and updated styling.
Volvo EX40 (Pure Electric)
Discontinued US Powertrain
Annual Fuel / Charging Cost
$788
5-Year Total Cost of Ownership
$44200
Lifetime Carbon Footprint
18.4 tons CO₂
EPA Estimated Range
293 mi
Base MSRP
$54,250
2028 Volvo XC40 (Refreshed Hybrid)
Ongoing US Core Offering
Annual Fuel / Gasoline Cost
$1824
5-Year Total Cost of Ownership
$48900
Lifetime Carbon Footprint
42.1 tons CO₂
EPA Fuel Economy Combined
24 MPG
Base MSRP
$41,500
5-Year Cumulative Expenditure Curve
● EX40 BEV
● XC40 Hybrid
Deterministic Contract Proof Mirror
annual_fuel_cost_bev
788
annual_fuel_cost_hybrid
1824
five_year_tco_bev
44200
five_year_tco_hybrid
48900
lifetime_co2_tons_bev
18.4
lifetime_co2_tons_hybrid
42.1
Fixture validated against US baseline: 12,000 miles/yr, $0.16/kWh electricity, $3.65/gal gasoline, 78 kWh pack.