1923 Weimar Hyperinflation Timeline

Historical currency collapse model: From 4.2 Goldmarks in 1914 to 4.2 Trillion Marks per USD in Nov 1923

Peak Hyperinflation (Nov 1923)

Exchange Rate Trajectory (Papiermarks per 1 USD)

Log Linear

Historical Date: 15 Nov 1923 Scrub timeline (1920–1923)

Marks per 1 USD

4,200,000,000,000

Price Doubling Speed

3.7 Days

Top Denomination Note

100 Trillion Mark

Banknote Focus: 100 Billion & 100 Trillion Mark Notes (Reichsbank 1923)
Issued on 15 February / November 1923. In peak frenzy, notes were printed on single sides with emergency overstamps. Over 30 paper mills and 130 printing presses ran 24/7.

Purchasing Power Basket Gold parity: 4.20 M = $1

Nominal Papiermark prices for standard everyday commodities at selected point in time:

Item	1914 Baseline	Current Nominal Price

Historical Currency Converter

USD Amount ($)

Weimar Papiermarks

Stabilization Parity: 1 Rentenmark = 1,000,000,000,000 Papiermarks (4.2 Rentenmark / USD).

Stabilization Event: On 15 Nov 1923, Hans Luther and Hjalmar Schacht backed the Rentenmark with mortgages on land and industrial assets, pegging 1 Rentenmark = 1 Trillion old Papiermarks, immediately breaking the hyperinflation spiral.

Grounded in Reichsbank historical exchange archives (Nov 1923 Peak).