Grounded Presets
Gas & Planetary Parameters
Physics Equations
Radiative Forcing:ΔF = 5.35 · ln(C / 280) W/m²
Top-of-Atmosphere Balance:F_in = (S₀ / 4) · (1 - α)
2-Slab Emissivity (ε):ε = 1 - exp(-τ_band)
Radiative Forcing:ΔF = 5.35 · ln(C / 280) W/m²
Top-of-Atmosphere Balance:F_in = (S₀ / 4) · (1 - α)
2-Slab Emissivity (ε):ε = 1 - exp(-τ_band)
The source computes carbon dioxide forcing relative to a baseline of two hundred eighty parts per million. Its formula is five point three five times the natural logarithm of concentration divided by that baseline. Begin at the baseline. The forcing is zero watts per square meter. Increase concentration toward five hundred sixty parts per million. The cyan point climbs along the logarithmic curve. The horizontal axis uses parts per million, and the vertical axis uses watts per square meter. At a doubling, this exact expression gives about three point seven one. The curve has diminishing slope, but doubling any starting concentration adds the same increment in this logarithmic expression. This lesson isolates the source forcing formula. It does not calculate transient warming, a regional forecast, or an independently observed energy imbalance. The energy diagram divides the solar constant by four and multiplies by one minus albedo. Fix the solar constant at one thousand three hundred sixty one watts per square meter. Begin with albedo zero point two. The absorbed solar flux is two hundred seventy two point two watts per square meter. Raise albedo toward zero point six. The yellow point falls along a straight line, reaching one hundred thirty six point one watts per square meter. Reflecting more of this fixed incoming flux leaves less absorbed flux in the source budget. Both the formula and the vertical axis use watts per square meter. This is a fixed parameter comparison. Albedo is a supplied global fraction here, not a geographically resolved cloud, ice, or surface calculation. The public proof table assigns zero top of atmosphere balance as its equilibrium label; that label is not an independently calculated residual. The temperature panel uses a simplified effective emissivity rule, rather than a full spectral atmosphere. Hold carbon dioxide at four hundred twenty parts per million, albedo at zero point three, and solar constant at one thousand three hundred sixty one. Begin with relative humidity zero. The source equilibrium temperature is about two hundred eighty eight point zero eight kelvin. Increase relative humidity as a dimensionless fraction toward one. Effective emissivity rises by zero point zero eight in this rule. The cyan point follows the fourth root equilibrium expression and reaches about two hundred ninety three point zero one kelvin. The vertical axis explicitly spans two hundred eighty five to two hundred ninety five kelvin. This visible temperature response comes from the supplied emissivity fixture. It does not prove a calibrated water vapor feedback or climate sensitivity. The source rounds displayed temperatures to two decimal places. We show the continuous expression before that rounding, with the original controls and canvas calculations preserved.