Breath-Hold Physiology & 29-Minute Apnea Explorer

Physiological Presets

Diver Parameters

Vital Capacity (Lungs) 6.5 L

Pre-O2 Wash-In Duration 30 min (100% O2)

Metabolic Rate (VO2 suppression) 60%

Dive Reflex Bradycardia 36 BPM

Mammalian Dive Reflex Active

Splenic RBC Ejection (+10% Hb)

Mechanism: Pure O2 wash-in denitrogenates alveolar volume, loading ~5.8L of usable O2. At resting VO2 (140 mL/min), apnea duration exceeds 29 min before hypercapnic diaphragmatic spasms reach breaking point.

Elapsed Apnea

29:24

Alveolar PAO2

42.8 mmHg

Alveolar PACO2

71.4 mmHg

Arterial SpO2

88.5%

Limiting Event

Hypercapnia / Spasm

100%