Global Student Mobility & Study-Abroad Simulator

China Domestic Retention Rate

82.0% +4.2%

5.16M enrolled in Domestic C9/985

Outbound Study Volume

680,000 -12.5%

Annual Chinese students moving abroad

Net Foreign Degree ROI Index

104.2 -8.1 pts

Salary Premium vs Tuition & Visa Friction

Global Engagement Index

62.8 Moderate

Cross-border flow openness score

Macro Causal Levers

Domestic University Quality 88 / 100

C9/Double First-Class research capability, global rankings, and lab funding.

Foreign Visa & Work Friction 72 / 100

Post-study work visa hurdles, security checks, and immigration restrictions.

Overseas Salary Premium +12%

Graduate starting salary edge for foreign degrees upon returning home.

Geopolitical Tension Index 65 / 100

Bilateral friction, safety perceptions, and academic exchange restrictions.

Foreign Tuition Annual Cost $48,000

Average international student tuition and living overhead in Western hosts.

Model Dynamics Insight

Strong domestic university ranking growth coupled with rising Western tuition creates a structural shift toward domestic retention.

Student Allocation Flow Map

Sankey visualization of Chinese higher-ed talent distribution across destinations

Historical data + scenario projection curve

Computed student count and shift vs 2019

Destination Node	Share %	Students	Market Trend

Export simulation state for economic modeling or policy brief reporting.